What is the most radiosensitive period of pregnancy?
The most radiosensitive period for the fetus is during organogenesis, which occurs at weeks 2–8 after conception (4,5).
During which stage of pregnancy can neurological deficiencies occur in the fetus due to radiation?
Large radiation doses to the fetus during the more sensitive stages of development (between weeks 2 and 18 of pregnancy) can cause birth defects, especially to the brain.
What is teratogenic effect?
Teratogens are drugs, chemicals, or even infections that can cause abnormal fetal development. There are billions of potential teratogens, but only a few agents are proven to have teratogenic effects. These effects can result in a baby being born with a birth defect.
What is diabetic Fetopathy?
Diabetic fetopathy is a severe, poorly defined complication of gestational diabetes or preexisting maternal diabetes mellitus, with an ill-defined histological spectrum of changes.
What is the 28 day rule in radiography?
If pregnancy cannot be excluded the 28 day rule applies The vast majority of routine diagnostic examinations fall into the category of a low dose procedure. If pregnancy cannot be excluded but the menstrual period is not overdue according to the 28 day rule proceed with the examination.
What is the 28 day rule LMP?
What is the ’28 Day rule’? Whereas the 28 day rule, is for radiological examination that can take place throughout the cycle of 28 days until a patient experiences a missed period and suitable for low dose radiological examination (chest x-ray).
Which stage of gestation is most susceptible to radiation induced congenital abnormalities?
The fetus is most susceptible to radiation during organogenesis (two to seven weeks after conception) and in the early fetal period (eight to 15 weeks after conception).
What kind of birth defects does radiation cause?
But sometimes, depending on the radiation dose and the developmental stage of the fetus, the effects can be serious and may result in:
- failure of the embryo to implant.
- miscarriage.
- abnormalities of the central nervous system.
- congenital malformations.
- slower than normal growth.
- malformation.
- cataracts.
- childhood cancer.
At what stage does the umbilical cord develop?
Umbilical cord development begins in the embryologic period around week 3 with the formation of the connecting stalk. By week 7, the umbilical cord has fully formed, composed of the connecting stalk, vitelline duct, and umbilical vessels surrounding the amniotic membrane.
What happens to babies born to diabetic mothers?
Babies born to mothers with diabetes are at an increased risk of developing low blood sugar or hypoglycemia shortly after birth and during the first few days of life, since they are already producing an excess of insulin.
What is neonatal hypoglycemia?
A low blood sugar level in newborn babies is also called neonatal hypoglycemia. It refers to low blood sugar (glucose) in the first few days after birth.
